This is a Swadesh list of words in English and Korean.
Presentation[]
- For further information, read the Wikipedia article: Swadesh list
A Swadesh word list, developed by the linguist Swadesh, is used as a tool to study the evolution of languages. It contains a set of basic words which can be found in every language to varying degrees. Various versions have been created, in particular:
- a complete 207 words version, in which some of the words are not found in every environment (it contains for instance snake and snow)
- a reduced 100 words version.
Some versions are more reliable than others in terms of the universality of concurrence between the words' meanings.
This word list should not be considered as an elementary lexicon to communicate with speakers of a given language; for such a purpose, the numerous existing Wikitravel lexicons are more useful. Its only objective is to give a rough idea of the language, by showing its lexical and, when possible, phonetic basis.
List[]
| No. | English | Korean 한국어 (Hangugeo) |
Transcription (Revised Romanization of Korean) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | 저, 나 | jeo, na (familiar) |
| 2 | you (singular) | 당신, 너 | dangsin, neo (familiar) |
| 3 | he | 그, 그녀 | geu, geunyeo |
| 4 | we | 저희, 우리 | jeohui, uri (familiar) |
| 5 | you (plural) | 당신들, 너희들 | dangsindeul, neohuideul (familiar) |
| 6 | they | 그들, 그녀들 | geudeul, geunyeodeul |
| 7 | this | 이- | i- |
| 8 | that | 그-, 저- | geu- (medial), jeo- (distal) |
| 9 | here | 이곳, 여기 | igot, yeogi |
| 10 | there | 거기, 저기 | geogi, jeogi |
| 11 | who | 누구 | nugu |
| 12 | what | 무엇 | mueot |
| 13 | where | 어디 | eodi |
| 14 | when | 언제 | eonje |
| 15 | how | 어떻게 | eotteohge |
| 16 | not | -아니다 | -anida |
| 17 | all | 모든 | modeun |
| 18 | many | 많은 | manheun |
| 19 | some | 어떤 | eotteon |
| 20 | few | 조금 | jogeum |
| 21 | other | 다른 | dareun |
| 22 | one | 하나 | hana |
| 23 | two | 둘 | dul |
| 24 | three | 셋 | set |
| 25 | four | 넷 | net |
| 26 | five | 다섯 | daseot |
| 27 | big | 큰 | keun |
| 28 | long | 긴 | gin |
| 29 | wide | 넓다 | neopda |
| 30 | thick | 두꺼운 | dukkeo-un |
| 31 | heavy | 무거운 | mugeo-un |
| 32 | small | 작은 | jakeun |
| 33 | short | 짧은 | jjalbeun |
| 34 | narrow | 좁은 | jobeun |
| 35 | thin | 얇은 | yalbeun |
| 36 | woman | 여자, 암컷 | yeoja, amkeot |
| 37 | man (adult male) | 남자, 수컷 | namja, sukeot |
| 38 | man (human being) | 사람 | saram |
| 39 | child | 어린이 | eorini |
| 40 | wife | 아내 | anae |
| 41 | husband | 남편 | nampyeon |
| 42 | mother | 어머니 | eomeoni |
| 43 | father | 아버지 | abeoji |
| 44 | animal | 동물 | dongmul |
| 45 | fish | 물고기 | mulgogi |
| 46 | bird | 새 | sae |
| 47 | dog | 개 | gae |
| 48 | louse | 이 | i |
| 49 | snake | 뱀 | baem |
| 50 | worm | 벌레 | beolre |
| 51 | tree | 나무 | namu |
| 52 | forest | 숲 | sup |
| 53 | stick | 막대기 | makdaegi |
| 54 | fruit | 과일 | gwail |
| 55 | seed | 씨 | ssi |
| 56 | leaf | 잎 | ip |
| 57 | root | 뿌리 | ppuri |
| 58 | bark (of a tree) | 나무껍질 | namukkeopjil |
| 59 | flower | 꽃 | kkot |
| 60 | grass | 풀, 잔디 | pul, jandi |
| 61 | rope | 밧줄 | batjul |
| 62 | skin | 피부 | pibu |
| 63 | meat | 살, 고기 | sal, gogi |
| 64 | blood | 피 | pi |
| 65 | bone | 뼈 | ppyeo |
| 66 | fat (noun) | 지방 | jibang |
| 67 | egg | 알 | al |
| 68 | horn | 뿔 | ppul |
| 69 | tail | 꼬리 | kkori |
| 70 | feather | 깃털 | gitteol |
| 71 | hair | 털 | teol |
| 72 | head | 머리 | meori |
| 73 | ear | 귀 | gwi |
| 74 | eye | 눈 | nun |
| 75 | nose | 코 | ko |
| 76 | mouth | 입 | ip |
| 77 | tooth | 이 | i |
| 78 | tongue (organ) | 혀 | hyeo |
| 79 | fingernail | 손톱 | sontop |
| 80 | foot | 발 | bal |
| 81 | leg | 다리 | dari |
| 82 | knee | 무릎 | mureup |
| 83 | hand | 손 | son |
| 84 | wing | 부속 건물 | busok geonmul |
| 85 | belly | 복부 | bokbu |
| 86 | guts | 장 | jang |
| 87 | neck | 목 | mok |
| 88 | back | 백 | baek |
| 89 | breast | 가슴 | gaseum |
| 90 | heart | 심장 | simjang |
| 91 | liver | 간장 | ganjang |
| 92 | to drink | 마시다 | masida |
| 93 | to eat | 먹다 | meokda |
| 94 | to bite | 물다 | mulda |
| 95 | to suck | 빨다 | ppalda |
| 96 | to spit | 침뱉다 | chimbaetda |
| 97 | to vomit | 토하다 | tohada |
| 98 | to blow | 불다 | bulda |
| 99 | to breathe | 숨쉬다 | sumswida |
| 100 | to laugh | 웃다 | utda |
| 101 | to see | 여기다 | yeogida |
| 102 | to hear | 듣다 | deutda |
| 103 | to know | 알다 | alda |
| 104 | to think | 생각하다 | saenggakhada |
| 105 | smell (noun) | 냄새 | namsae |
| 106 | fear (noun) | 두려움 | duryeoum |
| 107 | to sleep | 자다 | jada |
| 108 | to live | 살다 | salda |
| 109 | to die | 죽다 | jukda |
| 110 | to kill | 죽이다 | jukida |
| 111 | to fight | 싸우다 | ssauda |
| 112 | to hunt | 사냥하다 | sanyangda |
| 113 | to hit | 치다 | chida |
| 114 | to cut | 베다 | beda |
| 115 | to split | 갈라지다 | galrajida |
| 116 | to stab | 찌르다 | jjireuda |
| 117 | to scratch | 비비다 | bibida |
| 118 | to dig | 파다 | pada |
| 119 | to swim | 수영하다 | suyeonghada |
| 120 | to fly | 날다 | nalda |
| 121 | to walk | 걷다 | geotda |
| 122 | to come | 오다 | oda |
| 123 | to lie (as in a bed) | 눕다 | nupda |
| 124 | to sit | 앉다 | antda |
| 125 | to stand | 서다 | seoda |
| 126 | to turn (intransitive) | 회전하다 | hoejeonhada |
| 127 | to fall | 떨어지다 | tteoleojida |
| 128 | to give | 주다 | juda |
| 129 | to hold | 붙잡다 | butjapda |
| 130 | to squeeze | 짜다 | jjada |
| 131 | to rub | 문지르다 | munjilreuda |
| 132 | to wash | 빨다 | ppalda |
| 133 | to wipe | 닦다 | dakkda |
| 134 | to pull | 끌다 | kkeulda |
| 135 | to push | 밀다 | milda |
| 136 | to throw | 던지다 | deonjida |
| 137 | to tie | 매다 | maeda |
| 138 | to sew | 꿰메다 | kkwemeda |
| 139 | to count | 세다 | seda |
| 140 | to say | 말하다 | malhada |
| 141 | to sing | 노래하다 | noraehada |
| 142 | to play | 놀다 | nolda |
| 143 | to float | 뜨다 | tteuda |
| 144 | to flow | 흐르다 | heureuda |
| 145 | to freeze | 얼다 | ulda |
| 146 | to swell | 붓다 | butda |
| 147 | sun | 해 | hae |
| 148 | moon | 달, 위성 | dal, wiseong |
| 149 | star | 별, 항성 | byeol, hanseong |
| 150 | water | 물 | mul |
| 151 | rain | 비 | bi |
| 152 | river | 강 | gang |
| 153 | lake | 호 | ho |
| 154 | sea | 바다 | bada |
| 155 | salt | 소금 | sogeum |
| 156 | stone | 돌, 바위 | dol, bawi |
| 157 | sand | 모래 | morae |
| 158 | dust | 먼지 | meonji |
| 159 | earth (soil) | 흙 | heuk |
| 160 | cloud | 구름 | gureum |
| 161 | fog | 안개 | angae |
| 162 | sky | 하늘 | haneul |
| 163 | wind | 바람 | baram |
| 164 | snow | 눈 | nun |
| 165 | ice | 얼음 | eoleum |
| 166 | smoke | 연기 | yeongi |
| 167 | fire | 불 | bul |
| 168 | ash | 재 | jae |
| 169 | to burn | 타다 | tada |
| 170 | road | 길 | gil |
| 171 | mountain | 산, 언덕 | san, eonduk |
| 172 | red | 빨강색 | ppalgan(saek) |
| 173 | green | 초록색 | chorok(saek) |
| 174 | yellow | 노란색 | noran(saek) |
| 175 | white | 흰색 | huin(saek) |
| 176 | black | 검은색 | geomeun(saek) |
| 177 | night | 밤 | bam |
| 178 | day | 하루, 낮 | haru, nat |
| 179 | year | 해 | hae |
| 180 | warm | 따뜻한 | ddaddeuthan |
| 181 | cold | 찬 | chan |
| 182 | full | 전체의 | jeoncheui |
| 183 | new | 새로운 | saeroun |
| 184 | old | 이전의 | ijeonui |
| 185 | good | 좋은 | joheun |
| 186 | bad | 나쁜 | nappeun |
| 187 | rotten | 썩은 | sseokeun |
| 188 | dirty | 부정한 | bujeonghan |
| 189 | straight | 곧은 | goteun |
| 190 | round | 둥근 | dunggeun |
| 191 | sharp (as a knife) | 예민한 | yeminhan |
| 192 | to be dull (as a knife) | 무디다 | mudida |
| 193 | smooth | 부드러운 | budeureoun |
| 194 | wet | 젖은 | jeoteun |
| 195 | dry | 마른 | mareun |
| 196 | correct | 올바른 | olbareun |
| 197 | near | 가까운 | gakkaun |
| 198 | far | 먼 | meon |
| 199 | right | 오른쪽 | oreun(jjok) |
| 200 | left | 왼쪽 | oen(jjok) |
| 201 | at | -에서 | -eseo |
| 202 | in | 안에 | ane |
| 203 | with | -하고 | -hago |
| 204 | and | 그리고 | geurigo |
| 205 | if | 만약에 | manyagae |
| 206 | because | 때문에 | ddaemune |
| 207 | name | 이름 | ireum |
External links[]