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| voiced palatal fricative | |
|---|---|
| Symbol (font) | [ɶ#ɐɐœ;] |
| Symbol (image) | File:Xsampa-jslash2.png |
| IPA–number | 139 |
| Entity (decimal) | ʝ |
| Unicode (hex) | U+029D |
| X-SAMPA | j\ |
| Kirshenbaum | C<vcd> |
| Sound sample | |
The voiced palatal fricative is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is [ʝ] (crossed-tail j), and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is j\.
The voiced palatal fricative is a very rare sound, occurring in only seven of the 317 languages surveyed by the origical UCLA Phonological Segment Inventory Database.[citation needed] In only three of the languages (Komi, Margi, Belgian Standard Dutch[1]) this sound occurs along with its voiceless counterpart.
Features[]
Features of the voiced palatal fricative:
Template:Fricative Template:Palatal
- Its phonation is voiced, which means the vocal cords vibrate during the articulation.
- It is an oral consonant, which means air is allowed to escape through the mouth only.
- It is a central consonant, which means it is produced by directing the airstream along the center of the tongue, rather than to the sides.
- The airstream mechanism is pulmonic, which means it is articulated by pushing air solely with the lungs and diaphragm, as in most sounds.
Occurrence[]
| Language | Word | IPA | Meaning | Notes | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Berber | Kabyle | cceǥ | ʃʃəʝ | 'to slip' | |
| Dutch | goed | Nl-goed (Belgium).ogg [[:Media:Nl-goed (Belgium).ogg|ʝut]] (help·info) | 'good' | More common in southern Dutch dialects, including all of Dutch-speaking Belgium.[2] See Dutch phonology | |
| Frisian | hja | ʝa | 'she/they' | Mostly used in older more forma forms. | |
| Greek[3] | γεια/gia | ʝa | 'hello' | See Modern Greek phonology | |
| Hungarian[4] | dobj be | dobʝ bɛ | 'throw (one/some) in' | An allophone of /j/. See Hungarian phonology. | |
| Pashto | Wardak dialect[5] | موږ | muʝ | 'we' | |
| Scottish Gaelic[6] | dhiubh | Template:IPA-gd | 'of them' | See Scottish Gaelic phonology | |
| Spanish[7] | sayo | ˈsaʝo̞ | 'smock' | More often is an approximant. May also be represented by <ll> in certain dialects. See Spanish phonology | |
| Swedish[8] | jord | sv-jord.ogg [[:Media:sv-jord.ogg|ʝuːɖ]] (help·info) | 'soil' | See Swedish phonology | |
See also[]
- List of phonetics topics
References[]
- ↑ Jo Verhoeven, Belgian Standard Dutch, Journal of the International Phonetic Association (2005), 35:2:243-247 Cambridge University Press [1]
- ↑ Pieter van Reenen; Nanette Huijs (2000). "De harde en de zachte g, de spelling gh versus g voor voorklinker in het veertiende-eeuwse Middelnederlands." (in Dutch). Taal en Tongval, 52(Thema nr.), 159-181. http://www.meertens.knaw.nl/taalentongval/artikelen/Reenen_Huijs.pdf. Retrieved 2009-05-04.
- ↑ Nicolaidis (2003:?)
- ↑ Gósy, Mária (2004): Fonetika, a beszéd tudománya. Budapest: Osiris, pp. 77, 130
- ↑ Michael M.T. Henderson, Four Varieties of Pashto
- ↑ Oftedal, M. (1956) The Gaelic of Leurbost. Olso. Norsk Tidskrift for Sprogvidenskap.
- ↑ Martínez-Celdrán, Fernández-Planas & Carrera-Sabaté (2003:255)
- ↑ Engstrand (1999:140)
Bibliography[]
- Engstrand, Olle (1999). "Swedish". Handbook of the International Phonetic Association: A Guide to the usage of the International Phonetic Alphabet.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 140–142. ISBN 0-521-63751-1.
- Martínez-Celdrán, Eugenio; Fernández-Planas, Ana Ma.; Carrera-Sabaté, Josefina (2003), "Castilian Spanish", Journal of the International Phonetic Association 33 (2): 255–259
- Nicolaidis, Katerina (2003), "An electropalatographic study of palatals in Greek", in D. Theophanopoulou-Kontou; C. Lascaratou; M. Sifianou et al., Current trends in Greek Linguistics (in Greek), Athens: Patakis, pp. 108–127
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